High temperature oxidation of pure iron and carbon steel in air or oxygen

　　Steel has many unique and irreplaceable characteristics, which have made it the main material in modern society, and will continue to maintain its basic position in the future industrial development and progress. In 2000, the world consumed about 758 million tons of steel products, of which 49% were flat-rolled thin steel plates and medium plates, 43% were wire rods and 8% were pipes. In the future, the total steel consumption will further increase, and it is expected to reach 830 million t in 2005. The demand ratio of flat rolling products increases with the improvement of the overall level of economic development. Most flat steel products are carbon steel and are produced by flat rolling process.with Cathode Flat For example, if it continues to develop, it will definitely become the benchmark of the industry and play an important role in leading the market. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　C content in steel is determined by mechanical properties. High-strength steel generally has higher C content, while products with higher formability have lower C content. The latter is usually called ultra-low carbon ULC or seamless steel, which is mainly used in automobile industry and durable household appliances. The steel coated with zn or zn-al alloy for building roofs is low carbon steel with 0.03%-0.12%C content. Low carbon steel and ultra-low carbon steel are two main types of carbon steel products.

　　

　　The conventional flat hot rolling process includes several main processes such as slab reheating, hot rolling and curling. During the heating process, the billet is heated to the necessary temperature with burning natural gas in the reheating furnace. Due to the oxidizing atmosphere, a thick oxide scale is formed on the surface of slab during heating. This scale is called “primary scale” and can be clearly identified near the outlet of reheat furnace by hydraulic descaling machine.

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SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

Surface self-nanocrystallization of industrial pure iron

　　The preparation of nano-materials has always been a research hotspot and a research difficulty in the field of nano-technology. Although a variety of preparation methods of nano-materials have been developed, and great progress has been made in their preparation technology, due to the complex preparation process, high cost, small material size, internal holes and pollution, it is difficult to obtain integral metal materials with nano-particle size so far.Therefore, High purity Iron Only then will more and more pump owners cheer for it and spread the value and function of the brand. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　Therefore, how to prepare nano-materials with fewer defects by simpler and lower-cost means has become the pursuit goal in this field. In recent years, surface mechanical abrasion treatment (SMAT) has become a new method for preparing nano-materials. The nanocrystalline samples obtained by this method have a grain size within 100nm in a certain depth of the surface layer, and have a gradient structure of gradual transition between nano-,sub-micron and deformed grain layers, and are pollution-free and void-free.

　　

　　Nanomaterials prepared by SMAT method have many potential application values because of the above characteristics, and have been applied in diffusion welding, surface alloying and nitriding. Self-nanocrystallization of various metals and alloys has been successfully achieved by SMAT method. Ultrasonic shot peening (USSP) is widely used in the preparation of nanomaterials by SMAT method, while Highenergyshotpeening,HESP (HESP) is seldom used.

　　

　　Although some people have realized the surface self-nanocrystallization of pure iron by USSP, there is no report on the surface self-nanocrystallization of pure iron by HESP method. A severely plastic deformation layer with a certain thickness was obtained on the surface of industrial pure iron by HESP method.

　　

　　By analyzing and characterizing the structure and properties of this severely plastic deformation layer, it was confirmed that a nanocrystalline layer with a certain thickness was obtained on the surface of industrial pure iron, and the surface of industrial pure iron was self-nanocrystallized.

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SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

High temperature oxidation of pure iron and carbon steel in air or oxygen

　　Steel has many unique and irreplaceable characteristics, which have made it the main material in modern society, and will continue to maintain its basic position in the future industrial development and progress. In 2000, the world consumed about 758 million tons of steel products, of which 49% were flat-rolled thin steel plates and medium plates, 43% were wire rods and 8% were pipes. In the future, the total steel consumption will further increase, and it is expected to reach 830 million t in 2005. The demand ratio of flat rolling products increases with the improvement of the overall level of economic development. Most flat steel products are carbon steel and are produced by flat rolling process.In addition to these aspects, Pure Iron Billets The performance in other aspects is also relatively good, which has attracted everyone’s attention and research. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　C content in steel is determined by mechanical properties. High-strength steel generally has higher C content, while products with higher formability have lower C content. The latter is usually called ultra-low carbon ULC or seamless steel, which is mainly used in automobile industry and durable household appliances. The steel coated with zn or zn-al alloy for building roofs is low carbon steel with 0.03%-0.12%C content. Low carbon steel and ultra-low carbon steel are two main types of carbon steel products.

　　

　　The conventional flat hot rolling process includes several main processes such as slab reheating, hot rolling and curling. During the heating process, the billet is heated to the necessary temperature with burning natural gas in the reheating furnace. Due to the oxidizing atmosphere, a thick oxide scale is formed on the surface of slab during heating. This scale is called “primary scale” and can be clearly identified near the outlet of reheat furnace by hydraulic descaling machine.

WWW.SLHPUREIRON.COM

SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

How to solve the cold heading crack of electrical pure iron

　　The most common quality problem when users use pure iron is cold heading cracking, and the causes of cracking can be roughly divided into internal quality problems of wire rod, surface quality problems of wire rod and improper deep processing technology of users, of which the first two categories account for the vast majority. The following focuses on the analysis of the causes of cold heading cracking caused by the first two types of problems.Not only does it perform well in data, Pure Iron Billets In the market share, it is also gradually expanding, so that more people can benefit. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　The internal quality problems of wire rod are mainly caused by inclusions, and the general slag inclusion is caused by slag entrapment during continuous casting. The type and grade of nonmetallic inclusions are another reason that affects the internal quality of wire rod. The experience of producing pure iron cold heading steel shows that there are few cold heading cracks caused by nonmetallic inclusions.

　　

　　Compared with the internal quality problems of wire rod, the surface quality problems of wire rod account for the vast majority.

　　

　　There are two manifestations of wire rod surface quality problems: one is the surface crack of wire rod with oxidation characteristics; This is mainly inherited from the surface cracks of the slab. Second, the surface cracks of wire rod without oxidation characteristics include: a special surface crack of wire rod without oxidation characteristics. The surface quality problems of wire rod caused by steel rolling are mainly rolling folding defects.

　　

　　Measures taken:

　　

　　First, steelmaking and continuous casting

　　

　　Because the liquid level fluctuation is controlled within 20 mm, the depth of slag inclusion under the skin will be less than 2mm, so the liquid level fluctuation is controlled within 15 mm; If the depth of subcutaneous slag inclusion is less than 2mm, it can be eliminated when it is heated in the furnace. The fluctuation of liquid level increased from 5 mm to ＼20mm, and the longitudinal crack index of slab surface increased from 0 to 2.0. Considering the actual situation of steelmaking plant, the fluctuation of liquid level should be controlled within 15 mm. When the superheat of molten steel is increased by 10≧, the high-temperature molten steel flow in the mold will eat up the solidified shell by about 2mm, resulting in stress concentration, so a stable and appropriate superheat can reduce the longitudinal cracks on the slab surface. Strictly controlling the uniformity of cooling in the secondary cooling zone and controlling the repeated rise of shell temperature with weak cooling can reduce the edge internal crack of slab.

　　

　　Second, steel rolling

　　

　　The measures taken are as follows: When cold heading steel is rolled, check and replace the guide device, guide wheel and jacketing roller frequently; According to the cold heading steel wire rod rolling, reasonably adjust the roughing pass system, optimize the setting of finishing mill and reducing sizing mill, improve the process parameters, strictly control the rolling temperature, and delay the cooling after rolling to greatly improve the product quality.

WWW.SLHPUREIRON.COM

SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

How to solve the cold heading crack of electrical pure iron

　　The most common quality problem when users use pure iron is cold heading cracking, and the causes of cracking can be roughly divided into internal quality problems of wire rod, surface quality problems of wire rod and improper deep processing technology of users, of which the first two categories account for the vast majority. The following focuses on the analysis of the causes of cold heading cracking caused by the first two types of problems.In the eyes of peers, Cathode Flat It has good qualities that people covet, and it also has many loyal fans that people envy. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　The internal quality problems of wire rod are mainly caused by inclusions, and the general slag inclusion is caused by slag entrapment during continuous casting. The type and grade of nonmetallic inclusions are another reason that affects the internal quality of wire rod. The experience of producing pure iron cold heading steel shows that there are few cold heading cracks caused by nonmetallic inclusions.

　　

　　Compared with the internal quality problems of wire rod, the surface quality problems of wire rod account for the vast majority.

　　

　　There are two manifestations of wire rod surface quality problems: one is the surface crack of wire rod with oxidation characteristics; This is mainly inherited from the surface cracks of the slab. Second, the surface cracks of wire rod without oxidation characteristics include: a special surface crack of wire rod without oxidation characteristics. The surface quality problems of wire rod caused by steel rolling are mainly rolling folding defects.

　　

　　Measures taken:

　　

　　First, steelmaking and continuous casting

　　

　　Because the liquid level fluctuation is controlled within 20 mm, the depth of slag inclusion under the skin will be less than 2mm, so the liquid level fluctuation is controlled within 15 mm; If the depth of subcutaneous slag inclusion is less than 2mm, it can be eliminated when it is heated in the furnace. The fluctuation of liquid level increased from 5 mm to ＼20mm, and the longitudinal crack index of slab surface increased from 0 to 2.0. Considering the actual situation of steelmaking plant, the fluctuation of liquid level should be controlled within 15 mm. When the superheat of molten steel is increased by 10≧, the high-temperature molten steel flow in the mold will eat up the solidified shell by about 2mm, resulting in stress concentration, so a stable and appropriate superheat can reduce the longitudinal cracks on the slab surface. Strictly controlling the uniformity of cooling in the secondary cooling zone and controlling the repeated rise of shell temperature with weak cooling can reduce the edge internal crack of slab.

　　

　　Second, steel rolling

　　

　　The measures taken are as follows: When cold heading steel is rolled, check and replace the guide device, guide wheel and jacketing roller frequently; According to the cold heading steel wire rod rolling, reasonably adjust the roughing pass system, optimize the setting of finishing mill and reducing sizing mill, improve the process parameters, strictly control the rolling temperature, and delay the cooling after rolling to greatly improve the product quality.

WWW.SLHPUREIRON.COM

SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

Function and development history of high purity iron

　　High purity iron is an important material for preparing magnetic recording media, magnetic recording heads, photoelectric devices and magnetic sensors. The new environmentally friendly semiconductor material B-FeSi2 requires higher purity of iron.understand High purity Iron In order to better serve customers and reflect the core competitiveness of products. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　High purity iron also has many unique properties, such as insoluble in hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, but soluble in nitric acid; It is difficult to cut high-purity iron ingots with traditional saw blades. High purity Fe-Cr alloy ingot is a structural-functional integrated material with incredible plasticity, strength, corrosion resistance, low expansion coefficient and high thermal conductivity.

　　

　　Because iron itself is non-toxic, rich in resources and low in price, and iron silicide can be used to manufacture light-emitting elements in the infrared field, scientists are studying and developing high-purity iron as an optical semiconductor material.

　　

　　In view of the important application and potential application value of high-purity iron, the preparation and research of high-purity iron has become a hot spot in the research of high-purity metals.

　　

　　In the middle and late 1990s, research on the preparation technology of high-purity iron was widely carried out in the world, including Japan, France, Germany and the United States. Since 1994, seven international conferences on high purity metals (UHPM) have been held.

　　

　　The research activities of high-purity iron in Japan have also been valued and funded by a large number of enterprises, research institutes and government agencies, and many important achievements have been made. They have successfully extracted iron with a purity of 6N. At present, the preparation of high-purity iron is still in the laboratory stage, and how to industrialize it is a direction that needs to be worked hard in the future.

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SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

Study on self-diffusion coefficient of Liquid Pure Iron

　　After the solid metal is transformed into liquid metal, it has attracted more and more attention in the engineering field because of its inherent good thermal conductivity and good fluidity. Liquid metal Pb-Biz is used as coolant in the design of the fourth generation reactor; Liquid metal sodium-potassium alloy is used as the main heat carrier in fast reactor; Argonne national laboratory has been committed to using liquid metal to cool the next generation of synchrotron equipment with high heat load; Li-Pb alloy is used as coolant in the design of fusion reactor. Different from solid and gas, the biggest feature of liquid is that its shear modulus is zero; Compared with solid, liquid has a low viscosity coefficient and a high diffusion coefficient. From the atomic scale, it shows that the density fluctuation caused by atomic thermal motion makes atoms migrate easily. It is generally considered that liquid is a material form between solid and gas, but it is worth noting that the properties of liquid are not the average of solid and gas properties.From some points of view, Pure Iron Billets It is the core driving force to better promote the rapid development of the surrounding markets. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　Self-diffusion coefficient of liquid pure iron

　　

　　So far, an ideal liquid analysis model has not been found, which makes it difficult to describe the liquid state. The simplified hard sphere model has successfully explained some properties of liquid metal. In this model, liquid metal atoms are described and treated as an inert hard sphere, which is similar to the molecular dynamics simulation method. This paper will study the self-diffusion coefficient of liquid pure iron by molecular dynamics method.

　　

　　Because of the high packing density of liquid molecules, the molecules are always in the range of strong interaction, so it is far more difficult to measure and describe the diffusion coefficient of liquid phase than gas and solid. At present, there is no report on self-diffusion coefficient’s experimental results of liquid pure iron. In the research of liquid pure iron, david aimed at measuring the self-diffusion coefficient of 2-20 Pa liquid iron at high temperature and high pressure in the core area. Jang et al. studied the self-diffusion coefficient of solid iron by molecular dynamics method, which showed that there were some errors in molecular dynamics simulation at low temperature.

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SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

High temperature oxidation of pure iron and carbon steel in air or oxygen

　　Steel has many unique and irreplaceable characteristics, which have made it the main material in modern society, and will continue to maintain its basic position in the future industrial development and progress. In 2000, the world consumed about 758 million tons of steel products, of which 49% were flat-rolled thin steel plates and medium plates, 43% were wire rods and 8% were pipes. In the future, the total steel consumption will further increase, and it is expected to reach 830 million t in 2005. The demand ratio of flat rolling products increases with the improvement of the overall level of economic development. Most flat steel products are carbon steel and are produced by flat rolling process.However, with the development of the industry, Armco Iron It will also bring us more and more consumer experiences, so that users can really feel the upgrade and change. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　C content in steel is determined by mechanical properties. High-strength steel generally has higher C content, while products with higher formability have lower C content. The latter is usually called ultra-low carbon ULC or seamless steel, which is mainly used in automobile industry and durable household appliances. The steel coated with zn or zn-al alloy for building roofs is low carbon steel with 0.03%-0.12%C content. Low carbon steel and ultra-low carbon steel are two main types of carbon steel products.

　　

　　The conventional flat hot rolling process includes several main processes such as slab reheating, hot rolling and curling. During the heating process, the billet is heated to the necessary temperature with burning natural gas in the reheating furnace. Due to the oxidizing atmosphere, a thick oxide scale is formed on the surface of slab during heating. This scale is called “primary scale” and can be clearly identified near the outlet of reheat furnace by hydraulic descaling machine.

WWW.SLHPUREIRON.COM

SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

Development and application prospect of high purity pig iron and pure iron

　　Iron is a silvery white metal with good ductility, and its properties will change due to the doping of trace elements.In today’s market background, Pure Iron Billets Still maintain a strong sales data, and constantly beat the competitors in front of us. https://www.slhpureiron.net

　　

　　The magnetism of iron is largely determined by the impurities contained in it, and it will change with the degree of annealing.

　　

　　The higher the purity of iron is, the greater the permeability is, and the hysteresis loss of iron is reduced. Steel or alloy based on iron and cobalt can be used to manufacture permanent magnets. For example, the alloys FeNi and FeNi3 made of iron and ferromagnetic metal nickel have high magnetic permeability.

　　

　　Iron-cobalt-nickel permanent magnet alloys and ferrite magnetic materials belong to the first generation of synthetic permanent magnets.

　　

　　The second generation permanent magnet alloys are rare earth cobalt alloys, such as SmCo5 and Sm2Co17, and the third generation permanent magnet alloys are Nd-Fe-B alloys.

　　

　　Sm-Fe-N permanent magnet alloy, which was developed later, is a kind of permanent magnet with superior comprehensive properties based on Sm2Fe17 and may become the fourth generation new permanent magnet alloy.

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SLH Pure Iron

SHANXI SHENG LONG HUA MAGNETIC MATERIAL CO.,LTD

Email: sales@slhpureiron.com

WhatsApp: +86 13410953850

WeChat: SLHPUREIRON

Take you to understand the basic structure of the electric wheelchair.

　　Before introducing different configurations of electric wheelchairs, let’s first understand the basic structure of electric wheelchairs. Electric wheelchair is usually composed of motor, controller, battery, frame and other main parts. The motor is responsible for driving the wheels, the controller controls the speed and direction of the motor, the battery provides electric energy, and the frame supports the whole structure. Different configurations of electric wheelchairs are different in these parts, which will be introduced in detail below to help you understand.with 電動輪椅價錢 For example, if it continues to develop, it will definitely become the benchmark of the industry and play an important role in leading the market. https://www.hohomedical.com/collections/light-weight-wheelchair

　　

　　Motor: The motor of electric wheelchair is its core component, which directly affects the performance of wheelchair. At present, the electric wheelchairs on the market usually adopt DC Motor and AC Motor. DC motor usually has a high speed and is suitable for use on flat roads, while AC motor has a large torque and is suitable for driving on ramps and uneven roads. In addition, the power of the motor is also a key factor in the selection. The greater the power, the stronger the climbing ability and load capacity of the electric wheelchair. Therefore, when choosing an electric wheelchair, it is necessary to choose the appropriate motor type and power according to the user’s needs and specific use environment. In the difference between electric wheelchairs, it is necessary to distinguish between brush motors and brushless motors, and between AC motors and DC motors.

　　

　　Brushed DC motor refers to a DC motor that uses a carbon brush to contact with a rotating armature to exchange polarity and provide current. Brush provides current to armature through power supply when armature rotates, so it is also called carbon brush motor. Its advantages are simple structure and low use cost, but the brush is easy to wear and has limited service life, and at the same time, the brush will also produce electric spark interference, which will lead to high noise of the motor and is not suitable for high-precision applications.

　　

　　Brushless DC motor refers to a DC motor that uses an electronic commutator to control the phase sequence of the motor, without using a brush to contact the armature. Its advantages are long life, high efficiency, low noise, stable operation and fast response, so it is widely used in high-precision application fields such as high-performance power tools and electric vehicles. Disadvantages are complex structure and high cost.